To cultivate black soldier flies (BSF), we sought insights from an expert in this field. Based on these consultations, we designed a specialised container to facilitate the healthy development of larvae.

Container Design

The container is rectangular and elevated above ground level. One side panel is sloped, forming an inclined surface that merges diagonally from the bottom edge to the top. At the center of this inclined surface, a hole is strategically placed to allow mature larvae to escape from their moist environment.

The bottom of the container includes two drainage holes to remove excess water, which is collected in a separate container placed underneath. The container’s black coloration creates a dark, moist environment preferred by black soldier flies, optimising larval behavior and development. This design provides a practical and efficient system to support larval growth while maintaining water balance.

Challenges and Adaptations

During the cultivation process, we encountered several challenges. A significant issue was that many larvae developed into black flies instead of black soldier flies. This occurred due to an insufficiently dominant black soldier fly population in the area, leading to a high prevalence of yellow larvae. 

To address this, we focused on increasing the black soldier fly population’s dominance. We hypothesised that allowing the larvae to mature into adult flies could bolster their population. Consequently, we placed the larvae in worm bins, enabling them to develop further and potentially outcompete other fly species in the vicinity.

However, the process was disrupted by seasonal changes, which led to an invasion of wild wasps. This setback highlighted the need for further system adaptations to ensure resilience against environmental factors.

Role of Bokashi Compost

The BSF breeding process leverages bokashi compost to attract nearby black soldier flies and provide essential nutrients for their development. Bokashi compost, placed in breeding boxes, is a critical component of this system.

Bokashi Preparation

To prepare the compost, we use 50-liter blue barrels equipped with a special valve at the bottom to release excess water and gases. To prevent clogging, we:

• Place a flowerpot tray at the bottom of the barrel, drilling holes to facilitate water flow.
• Add a mesh screen over the tray to block compost particles from obstructing the valve.

Food waste for the compost is sourced from the fruit and vegetable markets in Havran or the local market. The process involves:

1. Spreading sawdust at the bottom of the barrel to ensure aeration and maintain moisture balance.
2. Adding layers of fruit and vegetable waste.
3. Covering the waste with an additional layer of sawdust.

This layering technique regulates temperature and moisture, allowing the mixture to ferment over two weeks into nutrient-rich bokashi compost.

Integration with BSF Breeding

The fermented bokashi compost is transferred to the breeding boxes designed for black soldier flies. This compost not only serves as an ideal food source for the flies but also helps regulate the humidity and temperature of the environment, creating optimal conditions for breeding.

Environmental and Practical Benefits

The use of bokashi compost enhances the efficiency and sustainability of BSF breeding. This approach demonstrates how environmentally friendly practices can contribute to high-quality fish feed production, combining innovation with ecological stewardship.